From Middle English herbe, erbe, from Old French erbe (French herbe), from Latin herba. Initial h was restored to the spelling in the 15th century on the basis on Latin, but it remained mute until the 19th century and still is for many speakers.
This garden features over 500 varieties of herbs, or plants that have human use or significance. Noted by a leading public garden director as the best-quality herb garden in the U.S., the herbs in this garden are uniquely arranged into 17 theme beds, including Fragrant Herbs, Medicinal Herbs, Culinary Herbs, and Herbs of Native Americans. Each plant is labeled with its common and scientific name, and a description of its use.
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Determining whether herbs, vitamins, and other over-the-counter dietary supplements would be helpful or harmful to you can be challenging. Will a substance work as the label states it will? Is it likely to interact with your cancer medicines? Is it worth the cost?
The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not evaluate the safety and labeling of dietary supplements before they are sold. Also, the clinical effects of these products are often difficult to predict due to lack of human data. The potencies of herbal supplements are influenced by plants or plant parts used, harvesting and processing methods, and the amounts of active compounds absorbed. We encourage you to discuss any safety concerns with your doctor before using these products.
RUCAM (Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method) or its previous synonym CIOMS (Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences) is a well established tool in common use to quantitatively assess causality in cases of suspected drug induced liver injury (DILI) and herb induced liver injury (HILI). Historical background and the original work confirm the use of RUCAM as single term for future cases, dismissing now the term CIOMS for reasons of simplicity and clarity. RUCAM represents a structured, standardized, validated, and hepatotoxicity specific diagnostic approach that attributes scores to individual key items, providing final quantitative gradings of causality for each suspect drug/herb in a case report. Experts from Europe and the United States had previously established in consensus meetings the first criteria of RUCAM to meet the requirements of clinicians and practitioners in care for their patients with suspected DILI and HILI. RUCAM was completed by additional criteria and validated, assisting to establish the timely diagnosis with a high degree of certainty. In many countries and for more than two decades, physicians, regulatory agencies, case report authors, and pharmaceutical companies successfully applied RUCAM for suspected DILI and HILI. Their practical experience, emerging new data on DILI and HILI characteristics, and few ambiguous questions in domains such alcohol use and exclusions of non-drug causes led to the present update of RUCAM. The aim was to reduce interobserver and intraobserver variability, to provide accurately defined, objective core elements, and to simplify the handling of the items. We now present the update of the well accepted original RUCAM scale and recommend its use for clinical, regulatory, publication, and expert purposes to validly establish causality in cases of suspected DILI and HILI, facilitating a straightforward application and an internationally harmonized approach of causality assessment as a common basic tool.
Started in 1976 as part of National Institutes of Health's (NIH) Bicentennial celebration, the herb garden at the National Library of Medicine showcases the healing power of nature at its very richest. Located directly in front of the main Library building (38) across the oval driveway, the garden's lush variety of herbs captures the endless curative, aromatic, and useful qualities that made these healing plants integral to the development of modern medicine.
Designed under the direction of Thomas Cook, former Chief of the NIH Grounds Maintenance and Landscaping Section, the garden was first planted with perennial hedges of boxwood, lavender, and thyme and has since grown to a size of approximately 100 varieties of herbs. Its ties to the Library have been present from the very beginning, with the layout of the garden initially patterned after the architecture of the NLM building.
The garden is maintained by volunteers from the Montgomery Country (MD) Master Gardener Association, and the Herb Society of America, Potomac (MD) Unit, who took on the project in 1986 as a form of community service. Many of the original plantings still grow in the garden. Herbs remain relevant in the modern medicinal world, having found renewed appreciation from doctors and herbalists alike.
While the garden is certainly a source for study by herbalists and botanists, many patrons and employees enjoy the garden as a center for peace, rest, and meditation, and a place to watch butterflies. We hope you will seize the many pleasures of the garden for yourself!
The Southern California climate allows The Huntington to grow many herbs and even some spices not found in traditional herb gardens. These include, but are not limited to, plants that produce coffee, tea, mate, hops, and jojoba. Many larger and shade loving herbs are planted outside the beds, along the perimeter of the garden. Some plants are not included due to size, adaptability, or threat to the environment (invasiveness, toxicity, etc.).
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